C/M EESM - Brushless Motors

 

C/M EESM - Brushless Motors

OUR SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL MOTORS 

95-100% of C/M Motors use Electromagnets & are EESM - Brushless Motors

This creates a higher cooling factor & lower risk while voiding rare earth materials 

We do not like magnets  

$99-1499.99 or up to $2999.99 Canadian Dollars on average for most Standardized Motors 

Copper Hauls in Commodities we can grow or source & repurpose in bulk stock 

We cannot use magnets yet we can grow & repurpose or source bulk materials for all other components & casings then heat sinks with fans for our Emergency Safety System & Plan wirb Extinguisher - Purge effort

"If I can shrink & achieve equivlance I will with an R&D team while cutting material so we can acheive the same off less & smaller - lighter yet equivlant strength packaging" - Dr Sydney Nicola Bennett

Batteries 

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/cm-experimental-flywheel-battery.html

Magic 

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/magic-box-unedited.html

Punch 1

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/hydrogen-vs-7-tab-vs-piston-punch.html

Punch 2

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/peltons-air-vs-water-argument.html

CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS FOR ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FLOW 

For applications requiring high electrical conductivity at the lowest cost, aluminum and copper are the most cost-effective, readily available materials. 

• Copper is the most commonly used material for general electrical wiring and components due to its excellent conductivity, durability, and relatively low cost compared to silver or gold.

• Aluminum is a cheaper and lighter alternative to copper. While it has slightly lower conductivity (about 61% of copper's by volume), it is often used in applications like high-voltage overhead power lines where its lighter weight and lower cost per unit of weight make it more economical. 

• Graphene is a promising material with exceptional conductivity, even better than silver, but currently difficult and expensive to manufacture in large quantities for general commercial use. AI and machine learning are being used in research to help discover and optimize future low-cost, high-performance conductive materials. 

PRICING GOALS

Part Number X Material Choice Y OEM Z or Aftermarket Z1

X.Y.Z or Z1

As stated in H.I.3

In equivalence to the 100 kWh industry battery Standard on equivlance for different applications

Our goal is to drive material sizing & costs down then IMSRP Pricing for end users at Partner & Manufacture then Retail levels

Pricing 

https://sydneysspacelive.blogspot.com/2025/08/mde-cm-2026-pricing.html

OUR STANDARD SIZE PRICING 2025-2026

Rechargers $750-1500
Batteries $1500
Fire Boxes $150-300
Brushless Motors $250-1500

Our new Sustainable Pricing plans

Rechargers $750-1500 to $99-500 with few above
Batteries $1500 to $99-500 with few above
Fire Boxes $150-300
Brushless Motors $250-1500 to $99-900 with few above

Canadian Dollar Pricing. 20-40% capping averages for Retail End User Pricing on complete Ground Up & Retrofit

PROFIT STANDARDS

Lower Profit Yields under dual 80%

Regular Profit Yields at 80% - 120%

Extras:

A. Slingshot Start (micro-system to start)
B. Coldstart Pack (external micro-system to stop)
C. Wiring Lines + Monitoring with Emergency Safety System & Digital - Manual Override
D. Frame - chassis + cab, cargo & braking then all remaining components including heating - air conditioning with safety systems 

Slingshot Start & Coldstart Packs are micro sized Recharger - Battery systems that engage to Start & a disengagement system turns off (or a purge integration to turn off if a Wind-Tunnel Piston-Punch with Air Compressor is integrated). These are priced at $100-500

Emergency Safety System & Plan integration with Cork-Board wrapping & Purge systems connected to Fire Extinguishers & digital - physical monitoring

Design + Manufacturing = 40-60% Profit Yield then Retail & Maintenance = 40-60% Profit Yield as Standard above usual expenses then delivery or freight & PDI separate

C/M utilizes a dual system where ours mirrors an Emergency Safety Kit as you still keep that on-board in vehicle yet the Recharger & Battery system has a dedicated Fire Extinguisher

Compact. Lightweight. Efficient. Easy to Maintain. Reliable. Easy to Install 

Wiring & Grounding Lines with Digital Physical integration & manual overide are variable priced based on size & materials then choice yet the app (application) remains the same with integrated Switch-Back features

Unlike the Red Area with Foldable triangles we integrate our Recharger & Battery system then cork with foam padding + conductive material connectors (click in effect) then mechanical - battery Switch-Back system. Like our Coldstart Pack it clicks into a designated space & you cna keep a bag with an extra battery & recharger or two on board. Conductors are rarely damaged in forced Fire or explosion so you can re-use if you need to remove in a rare event from the fire box 

Our smallest equivlant Rechargers & Batteries are under 25lbs with the entire system together being under 50lbs on some Standard size or scaled & micros even lower

7 Tablet Recharger. (1)

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/hydrogen-vs-7-tab-vs-piston-punch.html

7 Tablet Recharger. (2)

https://schedulebennett8519.blogspot.com/2025/11/peltons-air-vs-water-argument.html

INDUSTRY REFERENCE 

Rare-earth-free EV motors eliminate the need for expensive and supply-chain-vulnerable rare-earth elements, which are typically found in permanent magnets. These motors are being developed using several alternative technologies, including: Electrically Excited Synchronous Motors (EESM), which use electromagnets in the rotor; Induction Motors, which are robust and are being optimized for efficiency; and switched reluctance motors (SRM). While offering benefits like reduced costs and more stable supply chains, some alternatives may have trade-offs like needing rotor energy input and potentially lower power density compared to rare-earth motors. 

Types of rare-earth-free EV motors

• Electrically Excited Synchronous Motors (EESM): These motors use electromagnets on the rotor instead of permanent magnets.

• Benefit: They are high-performance, efficient for long-range driving, and have high power density.

• Example: Valeo has developed a high-voltage EESM with a hairpin stator for increased power density.

• Induction Motors: A well-established technology that has been re-evaluated for EV applications.

• Benefit: They are reliable and have a robust manufacturing base.

• Focus: Research is ongoing to improve their efficiency and power density.

• Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM): These motors use basic electrical steel, copper, and iron.

• Benefit: They are cost-effective and have a reduced carbon footprint.

• Example: The Canadian startup Enedym is developing SRMs to address the permanent magnet supply issue.

• Ferrite Magnets: Some developers are using advanced ferrite magnets instead of rare-earth magnets.

• Benefit: They are much cheaper and more abundant than rare-earth materials. 

Commercial readiness

• Advanced stages: Some manufacturers like Renault have used rare-earth-free motors (EESMs) since 2012.

• New development: Companies like Valeo, Enedym, and others are actively developing and launching new rare-earth-free motor technologies with higher performance and power density. 

An electrically excited synchronous motor (EESM) with a hairpin stator combines the variable excitation of an EESM with the high-performance stator of hairpin technology. This combination offers several benefits, including no reliance on rare-earth magnets, improved efficiency, higher power density, and better thermal management, making it a strong option for electric vehicle (EV) powertrains, says Valeo. 

What it is

• Electrically Excited Synchronous Motor (EESM): A motor that uses electromagnets on the rotor instead of permanent magnets. This allows for the magnetic field strength to be adjusted, which optimizes performance and efficiency across different driving conditions.

• Hairpin Stator: A type of stator winding that uses solid, pre-formed rectangular copper wires, called "hairpins," instead of traditional round wires. These hairpins are shaped before assembly, improving the copper fill factor. 

Key benefits of combining the two technologies

• Rare-earth free: By using an EESM, the motor eliminates the need for costly and environmentally sensitive rare-earth magnets.

• Higher power density: The hairpin stator's ability to pack more copper into the same space significantly increases power density compared to stranded-wire designs.

• Improved efficiency: The hairpin stator allows for higher power density and lower resistance and heat loss, while the EESM's adjustable excitation improves efficiency, especially in partial load and field-weakening operation.

• Better cooling: Hairpin technology can be combined with advanced cooling techniques, such as oil cooling, to handle high continuous power better.

• Reduced cost: The elimination of rare-earth magnets can reduce the overall system cost and avoid risks associated with rare-earth material price volatility.

• Flexibility: The ability to control the rotor's magnetic field allows the motor to be adapted for a wide range of applications. 

Renault has used rare-earth-free motors since 2012, while Valeo brought expertise on the stator, the fixed part where the rotor is housed, using new copper wire technology.

https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/renault-seeking-chinese-rare-earth-free-motor-supplier-sources-say-2025-11-10/

https://www.theautopian.com/how-electric-motors-killed-the-transmission/

To make gears stronger, you can increase their size and width, decrease the diametrical pitch for thicker teeth, improve their surface hardness through treatments like nitriding or carburizing, use stronger materials, and enhance precision through finishing processes like grinding. For 3D-printed gears, you can increase wall count, add more perimeters, use a higher layer width, and use stronger infill patterns. 

Design and material choices

• Increase size and width: A larger pitch diameter and wider teeth provide greater strength and can handle more load.

• Decrease diametrical pitch: This results in thicker, stronger teeth by creating fewer teeth for a given diameter.

• Choose stronger materials: High-carbon steel alloys are excellent for general gearing, while other materials like alloy steel, stainless steel, or tool steel can be used for specific applications. For 3D printing, high-strength filaments are best. 

Manufacturing and finishing processes

• Harden the surface: Carburizing, nitriding, and induction hardening increase surface durability and hardness, making the gear more wear-resistant.

• Improve precision: Processes like grinding or shaving the gear teeth can increase the gear's force transmission capacity and accuracy. 

3D printing specifics

• Increase walls/perimeters: A higher number of walls or perimeters is more effective for strength than simply increasing infill percentage.

• Increase layer width: Setting the layer width larger than the nozzle diameter and increasing the number of perimeters can create a very solid gear.

• Increase infill percentage: For 3D printing, a minimum of 35% infill is recommended, with 100% being even stronger, though often not necessary.

• Optimize print settings: Printing at the higher end of the recommended temperature range for the filament can also improve strength. 

DIFFERENTIALS & AWD + RWD TRACTION CONTROL

TAKING FROM THE RC RACE TOURING WORLD 

In RC (radio-controlled) vehicles, a slipper clutch is a device that protects the drivetrain by allowing the motor's power to slip momentarily under high load, preventing damage to gears, especially during sudden accelerations, impacts from jumps, or when a wheel is stopped. It works by using spring-loaded plates that are designed to slip against a spur gear when torque is too great, transferring the excess energy into heat. 
How it works and its purpose

• Drivetrain protection: The main function is to act as a mechanical fuse. If a wheel lands on a jump at high speed while the motor is still at full throttle, the sudden impact can break gears. The slipper clutch allows the motor to keep spinning freely for a moment, and then it catches up, preventing damage.

• Power transfer: It connects the motor's pinion gear to the spur gear, which then drives the rest of the drivetrain.

• Adjustable tension: The amount of slip is controlled by a nut that adjusts the tension of the spring. A tighter clutch allows more power transfer, while a looser clutch slips more easily to absorb shock.

• Traction management: A correctly tuned slipper clutch can help manage traction by preventing excessive wheelspin on high-grip surfaces and can also improve run time by reducing the load on the motor during acceleration. 

Common applications

• Off-road RC vehicles: Slipper clutches are common in off-road buggies, monster trucks, and bashers where the drivetrain is exposed to high impacts from jumps and rough terrain.

• Crawlers: In rock crawlers, they prevent the motor from over-torquing the drivetrain if a wheel gets stuck.

• Some on-road cars: Some on-road racing applications also use them to manage power and improve traction. 

How to adjust it

• Tighten the adjustment nut clockwise to increase tension and power transfer, and loosen it counter-clockwise to reduce tension and increase slippage.

• A good starting point is to tighten it until the spring is fully compressed, then loosen it one full turn counter-clockwise.

• Always check the manufacturer's manual for specific instructions and recommendations. 

https://youtu.be/HAztju2LWCo?si=zLWc-C4n92ra1NE2

A differential is a gear train with three drive shafts that has the property that the rotational speed of one shaft is the average of the speeds of the others. A common use of differentials is in motor vehicles, to allow the wheels at each end of a drive axle to rotate at different speeds while cornering

Worm gears use a screw pump effect yet differentials allow us options for traction 

MATERIAL CHOICE 

When designing an individual gear or a gear train, the choice of material will either be the primary factor on which the gear geometry is based or the gear performance will dictate the proper material selection. There are various raw materials that are commonly used in gear construction, and each one has a sweet spot where its mechanical properties stand out as the superior choice. The main categories of materials are copper alloys, iron alloys, aluminum alloys, and thermoplastics.

Copper alloys

When designing a gear that is going to be subjected to a corrosive environment or needs to be non-magnetic, a copper alloy is usually the best choice. The three most common copper alloys used in gearing are brass, phosphor bronze, and aluminum bronze. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The amount of zinc varies in the different brass alloys, and its presence changes the ductility of the alloy.

Low zinc content maintains a high level of ductility in the brass alloy, whereas a higher concentration of zinc reduces the alloy’s ductility. The copper base of brass alloys contributes to its ease of machining and its antimicrobial benefit. Gears typically produced from brass alloys are spur gears and gear racks that will be used in low-load environments such as instrument drive systems.

Phosphor bronze is another copper alloy that combines copper with tin and phosphorus. The addition of tin to the copper increases the strength of the alloy and improves its corrosion resistance. The addition of phosphorus improves both the wear resistance and the stiffness of the alloy. The increased corrosion and wear resistance make phosphor-bronze alloy an excellent choice for high-friction drive components. Worm wheels are produced using this alloy as it resists the wear generated by the friction when the wheel is in mesh with a worm, and it can resist degradation due to the lubricant.

Aluminum bronze is a third copper alloy that is found in gearing. This alloy combines copper with aluminum, iron, nickel, and manganese. Aluminum-bronze alloys have a higher wear resistance than phosphor-bronze alloys, and they also have superior corrosion resistance. The addition of the iron improves the wear resistance of this alloy. The nickel and the manganese add to its corrosion resistance. Aluminum-bronze alloys can resist corrosion due to oxidation, exposure to salt water, and exposure to organic acids. The additional wear resistance of these alloys allows for the design of gears that can handle significantly more load than similarly sized gears made from phosphor bronze alloys. Typical gears produced from aluminum bronze alloys include crossed axis helical gears (screw gears) and worm wheels.

Iron alloys

When a gear design requires a superior material strength, iron alloys are the best choice. In its raw form, gray iron can be cast and machined into gears. Typically, cast iron is used in applications where phosphor bronze is a suitable alternative, but the application is not constrained by the material’s magnetic fields. Steel is an alloy of iron, carbon, and other trace elements. There are four major designations of steel alloy. These are carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and tool steel. Carbon-steel alloys are used for almost all types of gearing because they are easy to machine, they have good wear resistance, they can be hardened, they are widely available, and they are relatively inexpensive. Carbon steel alloys can be further classified into mild steel, medium-carbon steel, and high-carbon steel. Mild steel alloys have less than 0.30% carbon content. High carbon steel alloys have a carbon content greater than 0.60%, and the medium-content steels fall in between. These steels are a good choice for spur gears, helical gears, gear racks, bevel gears, and worms.

Carbon steels can be induction hardened or laser hardened with a maximum hardness of HRc 55. Alloy steels like AISI 4140 contain additional elements such as aluminum, chromium, copper, and/or nickel. These other elements, when alloyed with the iron and carbon, create steels that are stronger, easier to machine, and offer more corrosion resistance than plain carbon steel. These alloys typically are used to make spur gears, helical gears, gear racks, spiral bevel gears, and worms.

In addition to induction and laser hardening, these alloys can be carburized, or case hardened. The maximum hardness for these alloys is HRc 63. The added strength allows for gears of the same size to handle additional load and resist wear for more cycles. Stainless steel alloys have a minimum chromium content of 11% and are an alloy of many trace elements including nickel, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen. They are subdivided into ferritic stainless steels that are magnetic, austenitic stainless steel that are nonmagnetic, martensitic, and precipitation hardened. The austenitic stainless steels are designated as 300 series stainless steels, whereas the ferritic stainless steels are designated as the 400 series stainless steels. The most common stainless steel is 304 alloy. It contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel.

For gearing, 303 stainless is typically used. In 303 alloy, the chromium content is reduced to 17%, and 1% of the alloy is sulfur. Because of the addition of the sulfur, 303 alloy has improved machinability compared to 304 alloy. When improved corrosion resistance is required, 316 alloy is the better choice. This alloy has 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% molybdenum; 316 and 303 alloy are used for spur gears, helical gears, and bevel gears. Gear racks are typically made from 304 alloy. 440C is the most common ferritic stainless steel, and 17-4PH is the most common precipitation hardened stainless steel.

Tool steel alloys

The fourth group of alloys is tool steels. These are steel alloys with traces of cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten, and/or vanadium. These elements add heat resistance and durability to the steel.

AISI identifies steel alloys using a four-digit sequence (Table 1). The first two digits designate the alloy family, and the last two digits designate the fractional percentage of carbon. For example, a 1020 carbon steel has a 0.20% carbon content, whereas a 1045 carbon steel has a 0.45% carbon content.

Aluminum alloys

Aluminum alloys are a good alternative to iron alloys in applications that have a need for a high strength-to-weight ratio. Aluminum alloys are typically one-third the weight of steel alloys of the same size. A surface finish known as passivation protects aluminum alloys from oxidation and corrosion. This is similar to rust on steel alloys; however, it coats the surface, protecting it from further damage. Aluminum alloys are more expensive than carbon steel but less expensive than stainless steel. However, they are easy to machine, thus offsetting the increase in material costs.

Aluminum alloys cannot be used in high-heat environments as they begin to deform at 400°F. The common aluminum alloys used in gearing are 2024, 6061, and 7075. The 2024 aluminum alloy is a cousin to aluminum bronze because it is also an alloy of aluminum and copper. However, in this case, the proportions are inverted. The copper in 2024 gives this alloy high strength but significantly lowers its corrosion resistance. 7075 aluminum combines zinc and magnesium with the aluminum to form a high strength alloy that is resistant to stress loading. 6061 aluminum is an alloy of aluminum, silicon, and magnesium. It is a medium-strength aluminum alloy that has good corrosion resistance and is weldable. All three of these aluminum alloys can be heat-treated to improve their hardness. Gears made from aluminum alloys include spur gears, helical gears, straight tooth bevel gears, and gear racks.

Thermoplastics

Thermoplastics are the best choice for gears where weight is the most important criteria. Gears made from plastics can be machined like metallic gears; however, some thermoplastics are better suited for manufacturing via injection molding. One of the most common injection molded thermoplastic is acetal. This material is also known as polyacetal or polyoxymethylene (POM). Polyoxymethylene is available in two forms: It is either produced as a homopolymer (POM-H), or it is produced as a copolymer (POM-C). Gears can be made from either polymer. These can be spur gears, helical gears, worm wheels, bevel gears, and gear racks.

The advantages of POM are its dimensional stability under large temperature ranges, its low coefficient of friction, and its resistance to creep. It is an excellent material for wear surfaces because it is self-lubricating, but POM is a poor material for applications subject to shock loading due to its brittleness. For these types of applications, nylon is a better choice. Nylon 6/6 is a polyamide that consists of two monomers with six carbon atoms each. Nylon is excellent at absorbing vibration, but when exposed to moisture, it becomes dimensionally unstable. Nylon also experiences changes in dimension when subjected to significant changes in temperature. Like acetal, nylon has a low coefficient of friction. Nylon has a high mechanical strength. Nylon can be produced with molybdenum impregnated into it in order to produce a self-lubricating feature. Nylon can also be produced with fiberglass or carbon fibers embedded into the material in order to increase the strength. Nylon makes an excellent material for all types of gears including worm wheels, gear racks, spur gears, and straight tooth bevel gears.   

Unobtainium

There is one material for gears that has yet to be developed. It is the ideal material for all gear designs. This material is known as unobtainium. This material is extremely lightweight, has a hardness greater than that of a natural diamond, has a coefficient of friction of 0.001, is dimensionally stable in all environments, neither corrodes nor rusts, is easily machinable, and has a raw material cost of 1 cent per pound. Once invented, it will make all other materials obsolete and will greatly improve gear train efficiency. 

Gear Solutions Magazine 

https://gearsolutions.com/features/finding-the-ideal-materials-for-gears/

New Stator

https://www.electrive.com/2025/11/11/chinese-supplier-instead-of-valeo-renault-scraps-plans-for-e7a-electric-motor/

MANDATORY OTHERWISE FOAM BAGS 

Some countries require front air bags so we have a minimalist low cost option for C/M vehicles 

Front airbags are mandatory for all new passenger cars and light trucks manufactured for the U.S. market since the 1999 model year. In Canada, front airbags have been mandatory for all passenger cars, light trucks, and vans since 1999. While airbags are mandatory in many countries, requirements vary by location and vehicle type. 

United States and Canada

• Mandatory for new vehicles: 
Front airbags became mandatory in the U.S. starting with the 1999 model year. Canada also has the same requirement as of 1999. 

• Supplemental restraint system: 
Airbags are considered a "supplemental restraint system" (SRS) and are designed to work in conjunction with seat belts, not replace them. 

• Not required to remain: 
There is no federal law requiring a vehicle to have a usable airbag for its entire life or to have it replaced after it has been deployed. However, a federal law does prevent repair shops from removing an operating airbag and replacing it with a non-airbag product. 

Other countries

• Varying regulations: 
Airbag mandates vary significantly from country to country. For example, some countries, like India, require airbags, while others, such as the United Kingdom, Australia, and Japan, have different regulations. 

• Highly recommended: 
Despite the lack of a universal mandate, airbags are highly recommended as a safety feature in all countries because of their effectiveness in reducing fatalities and serious injuries. 

AUTOMOTIVE AIRBAGS 

An automotive airbag system is a supplemental restraint system that deploys a protective cushion during a collision to prevent occupants from hitting the vehicle's interior. It works by using sensors to detect a crash, which triggers an inflator to rapidly fill the bag with gas produced by a chemical reaction, like nitrogen, in milliseconds. After a brief period, the gas is released through vent holes to allow the occupant to move and the bag to deflate. 

• Detection: Sensors, such as accelerometers and pressure sensors, detect a sudden impact or deceleration.

• Signal: The sensors send a signal to an electronic control unit (ECU).

• Deployment: The ECU, which may also receive data from other sensors like seat occupancy or wheel speed, determines the crash's severity and decides to deploy the airbag.

• Inflation: The ECU sends a signal to an inflator, which ignites a chemical propellant to produce a large volume of gas very quickly.

• Cushioning: The gas inflates the fabric bag in less than a 20th of a second, creating a cushion between the occupant and the vehicle's interior.

• Deflation: The bag deflates through small vent holes to absorb the occupant's impact and allow them to move after the initial crash force is absorbed. 

Key components

• Sensors: Devices that detect a crash and send data to the control unit.

• Electronic Control Unit (ECU): The "brain" that processes sensor data and decides when to deploy the airbag.

• Inflator: A device that triggers a rapid chemical reaction to produce the gas that inflates the bag.

• Airbag Cushion: The flexible fabric bag that inflates to provide a cushion.

• Vent Holes: Openings in the bag that allow the gas to escape after the initial impact. 

Important considerations

• Single-use: Airbags are single-use devices and must be replaced by a qualified technician after they have been deployed.

• Safety first: Airbags are a supplemental restraint system and should always be used in conjunction with seatbelts.

• Proper installation: For safety and proper function, a deployed airbag must be replaced with OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) parts to ensure it will not fail or become a hazard, notes IIHS-HLDI. 

Mustachio landmark is er landing strip. Hollywood is red head. Check

https://youtu.be/qCIes_xJdGo?si=QabOKMw8CYozxfd0

FOAM BLOCKS ARE SAFER

Nitrogen gas can be harmful because it can displace oxygen, leading to asphyxiation. While nitrogen itself is not toxic, breathing an atmosphere with very high concentrations of it can cause unconsciousness and death because there isn't enough oxygen to sustain life. This is particularly dangerous because nitrogen gas is odorless, colorless, and tasteless, so it provides no warning to those exposed. 

• Mechanism of harm: Nitrogen is an inert gas, meaning it does not react with the body. However, when it displaces oxygen in the air, it can lead to an oxygen-deficient environment.

• Real-world examples: Accidental nitrogen asphyxiation has occurred in industrial settings and other situations, such as technicians entering a nitrogen-purged compartment or liquid nitrogen being poured into a swimming pool.

• Key takeaway: The harm comes from the lack of oxygen, not from a toxic reaction with nitrogen. It's crucial to ensure adequate ventilation when working with nitrogen or in enclosed spaces where it might be used. 

https://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving-safety/safety-regulatory-devices/airbag.htm

A foam canister could spray safe foam into the bag which can be then emptied so the bag can be reused then a new foam canister installed rather than nitrogen for air bags

In cab vehicle fires are always chassis up into not can down to so we add a fire retardant fabric under our in cab fabrics

C/M Ground Up revoked all environmental & health hazards in an automobile extending to carcinogenics or other concerns 

Aerodynamics Testing

https://youtu.be/rYHBCZdMlqw?si=qPvSmxTcGuFz-FH5

Crash Test Dummies

https://youtu.be/8lEsbcUSoU8?si=cNZ5QYBo6XYD4W6G

https://youtu.be/4lxmY9lBQgc?si=jgv4w7iGdBR62z5d

Modern Simulators are effective 

https://youtu.be/tJCHZOlPXeA?si=gbnCzOvRFLMGhGH0

Regardless there is regulations C/M like all brands have to meet in each country so a global standard is utilized then additives 

C/M LARGE SCALE STANDARD PLANT

Stationary utilizing micro-nano or micro PZ Taps chargers

A room packed full of these

7" x 3" x 1" X 8 = 56" x 24" x 8" earns 320+ kW's per second

4000 = 333.4 ft (500 8" in row) offers 160,000 kW per second or more (160 mW or Megawatts)

120,000 - 160,000 homes can be powered by this one form of compact Stationary C/M PZ Taps + additive powerplant (Zero Emissions)

1 MW, or one megawatt, is a unit of power equal to one million watts (1,000,000W) or 1,000 kilowatts.

It is used to measure the capacity of power generation, such as a power plant or solar array, which can deliver one million joules of energy per second. To visualize it, 1 MW is roughly enough to power around 750 to 1,000 average homes at any given moment. 

We include a design with additives & flywheel batteries if anything while voidng battery material requiring replacement after any cycle then we add to grid use

The same design as C/M just a perpetual cycle onto dyno integration for endless energy that rarely requires maintenance

Stationary Energy 

https://cmbennettbrothers.blogspot.com/2025/08/cm-stationary-shipping-container.html

Struggling yet C/M Zero Emissions Energy 

https://www.tomshardware.com/tech-industry/data-centers-in-nvidias-hometown-sit-idle-as-grid-struggles-to-keep-up

Researchers in South Korea have developed a new eco-friendly recycling process that recovers more than 95 percent of nickel and cobalt from old EV batteries with almost perfect purity.

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/recycling-nickel-cobalt-ev-batteries

Approximately 95% of the materials in a lithium battery can be recycled for new batteries, and advancements are continually improving recovery rates. Companies are recovering high percentages of valuable metals like lithium, nickel, and cobalt, with some breakthroughs achieving nearly 100% lithium recovery. 

Recycling rates

• Current capabilities: Modern recycling facilities can recover a high percentage of materials, with rates around 95% for metals like nickel and cobalt.

• Lithium recovery: While lithium is also recovered, it can sometimes require more processing. However, new innovations are achieving much higher lithium recovery rates, with some reaching over 99%.

• Future potential: The ideal process for recycling lithium-ion batteries is expected to achieve over 95% recovery of all components, a goal that is becoming more feasible with new technologies. 

What happens to recycled materials

• Valuable metals: The metals within the batteries—including lithium, nickel, and cobalt—are valuable and can be reclaimed for use in new batteries or other applications.

• Reducing reliance on mining: Recycling these materials helps reduce the need for new mining operations.

• Carbon-based materials: Carbon-based materials recovered from batteries are currently being burned for energy recovery, but future recycling processes aim to recycle these materials as well. 

Lithium can be recycled from lithium-ion batteries through specialized processes like shredding and chemical or high-temperature extraction to recover valuable metals like lithium, cobalt, and nickel. It is important to recycle batteries properly, as they are a fire hazard in regular waste and a valuable source of materials for new batteries, especially as electric vehicle and clean energy technology demand grows. 

How lithium-ion batteries are recycled

• Collection: Batteries are collected through specialized programs or drop-off locations, as they cannot go in household recycling bins.

• Discharging: The process begins with safely discharging the battery.

• Shredding: Batteries are shredded into a "black mass" containing various metals.

• Metal recovery:

• Pyrometallurgy: High temperatures are used to melt and separate the metals.

• Hydrometallurgy: Chemical solutions are used to dissolve and extract the metals.

• Direct recycling: Emerging methods aim to preserve battery component structures for more efficient recovery.

• Reintegration: The recovered metals are then refined and used to create new batteries. 

Important safety and disposal information

• Do not put swollen or damaged lithium-ion batteries in regular recycling or waste bins.

• If a battery is swollen or damaged, store it temporarily in a non-flammable container (like one filled with sand or baking soda) away from anything flammable, and contact a local recycling center for proper disposal.

• Check for local options: Visit websites like Recycle Your Batteries, Canada, which lists drop-off locations.

• Businesses and regulations: Businesses that accumulate large quantities of batteries must follow specific waste management and labeling regulations. 

Why recycling lithium is important

• Environmental protection: Recycling prevents batteries from ending up in landfills, where they can start fires.

• Circular economy: It creates a closed-loop system where valuable materials are reused, reducing the need for new mining.

• Resource conservation: Recycled materials help meet the growing demand for critical minerals used in electric vehicles and other clean energy technologies. 

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/recycling-nickel-cobalt-ev-batteries

For all the fart sucking arse suck log lickers out there. Oh biddy. I mean bud

To show affection cause ah lika yas a lot

Sucking arse! (Fu*ker knows how to suck arse)

HORSEPOWER + SHRINKING MOTORS 

To achieve the same horsepower in a smaller motor frame, manufacturers focus on increasing power density through advancements in design, materials, and operating parameters. 

Key strategies for shrinking motor size while maintaining or increasing horsepower include:

Design and Operating Parameters

• Higher Operating Speeds (RPM): Horsepower is proportional to torque multiplied by speed. By designing motors to operate at significantly higher RPMs, less torque is needed for the same power output, which allows for a smaller motor size.

• Enhanced Cooling Systems: Heat is a primary limiting factor in motor power output. Advanced cooling techniques (e.g., improved airflow, liquid cooling, innovative winding thermal management) allow a smaller motor to dissipate more heat and operate at higher current densities without overheating.

• Increased Magnetic and Electric Loading: Optimizing the magnetic flux density in the air gap and increasing the ampere-turns density allows for more power generation within a given volume.

• Optimal Stator/Rotor Design: Techniques such as optimizing the ratio of the stator diameter to stack length can significantly improve power density. 

Materials and Manufacturing Advancements

• Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs): The use of powerful permanent magnets (often rare earth magnets) in the rotor creates a constant, strong magnetic field, increasing efficiency and power output compared to traditional induction motors of the same size.

• Advanced Winding Techniques:

• Higher Copper Fill Factor: Innovative winding designs, like hairpin-type rectangular windings, increase the amount of copper in the available space, which reduces resistance and copper loss, improving efficiency and power density.

• Twisted Windings: These can provide higher thermal conductivity, aiding in heat management.

• Advanced Magnetic Materials: The use of materials like soft magnetic composites (SMCs) in the stator allows for complex 3D magnetic flux paths and reduces core losses, especially at higher frequencies, enabling more compact, efficient designs.

• Lightweight, Strong Materials: Using lightweight alloy steel for components like the shaft and overall lighter materials for construction improves the power-to-weight ratio without sacrificing performance. 

Systems Integration

• Variable Speed Drives (VSDs): VSDs can precisely control motor speed and current, allowing the motor to operate at peak efficiency for a given load and manage the system effectively to prevent overheating or overloading a smaller unit.

• Integration with Gear Systems: For applications requiring high torque at lower speeds, a smaller, high-speed motor can be paired with an appropriately sized gearbox to achieve the desired output, effectively "shrinking" the overall motor size requirement for the application. 

900 british horsepowers = 671.13 kilowatts

600 horsepower is equal to about 447 kilowatts

300 horsepower is equal to about 224 kilowatts

With 3-4 Motors in a C/M vehicle we require enough for each & we may have excess in battery storage cycling through

A power requirement of 700 kW means that energy must be supplied at a constant rate of 700 kilowatts (or 700 kilojoules per second) for the system to operate. 

With C/M we have access to 40+ kW per 100km where industry standard Tedla Model S does 17-19 kW per 100km which allows us to reach with power bursts the effective use of variable performance on up to 700 kW motors per motor from our 7 Tablet Recharger & or Hydrogen systems

The amount of energy a Tesla Model S uses depends on the model and driving conditions, but a standard Model S can have a usable battery capacity of around 95 kWh. For a 2024 Model S Plaid, the EPA combined energy consumption is 107 MPGe, which is equivalent to 315 Wh/mile or 3.2 miles/kWh, according to this InsideEVs article. The power consumption will vary, with figures for newer models being around 17.5–18.7 kWh/100km based on Tesla's official support page. 

Battery capacity

• A standard Model S can have a usable battery capacity of about 95 kWh.

• Some older models had different capacities, such as 70 kWh. 

Energy consumption

• 2024 Model S Plaid: Uses 107 MPGe, which equates to 315 Wh/mile (or 3.2 miles per kWh) for city and highway driving combined, according to InsideEVs.

• WLTP test results: A Model S consumes 17.5 kWh/100km, while a Model S Plaid consumes 18.7 kWh/100km.

• Real-world estimates: Depending on driving conditions, the energy consumption can range from 120–232 Wh/km for a Model S Plaid, based on EV Database. 

PLAID AT 1,020 HORSEPOWER 

The Tesla Plaid motor system has a peak power output of 1,020 horsepower (hp). This is achieved through a triple-motor setup: one motor in the front and two in the rear, which provides all-wheel drive and torque vectoring. 

• Total Horsepower: 1,020 hp (about 760 kW)

• Torque: 1,050 lb-ft (770 lb-ft)

• Number of Motors: Three electric motors—one front, two rear

• Key Feature: The rotors in the rear motors are encased in a carbon-fiber sleeve, which allows them to spin up to 20,000 rpm to achieve the high horsepower and top speed.

 
Aussie Sneaky Mach 12 (likely Mustache with)

The headline number is bold: up to Mach 12, with public messaging often rounded to a top speed of 24,501 km/h. In practice, Mach depends on temperature and altitude; Mach 12 typically sits in the mid‑teens of thousands of km/h. Either way, this is deep into hypersonic territory where heating, shock control and stability dominate the design conversation.

https://www.hisgardenmaintenance.co.uk/12-11-2025/169833-this-anglo-saxon-country-wont-play-second-fiddle-and-launches-a-new-hydrogen-hypersonic-aircraft-capable-of-24501-km-h/

The Tesla Plaid motor system delivers a combined output of up to 760 kW (1033PS). While the total output is the key figure, individual motor outputs can vary depending on the specific motor and operating conditions. 

• Total combined power:

760 kW (1033PS)

• Power distribution: The Plaid system uses three motors to achieve its total power output.

• Individual motor power: The power output of the individual motors is not always clearly specified, but can be estimated based on the overall system power. For example, some analyses suggest an individual motor might be around 250 kW, but this is speculative. 

The Tesla Model S Plaid uses electricity for power, consuming around 18.7 kWh/100km for combined driving, though this can vary based on driving style and conditions. The car has a 95 kWh usable battery, and its energy consumption can be estimated in terms of miles per kilowatt-hour (miles/kWh), with an average of approximately 2.8 miles/kWh

Combined energy consumption 

• Combined driving: The WLTP combined power consumption is 18.7 kWh/100km
.
• Efficiency: This equates to roughly 2.8 miles/kWh (351 Wh/mi) or (96 MPGe) based on combined EPA estimates.
 
Factors influencing energy use 

• Driving style: Aggressive driving, especially with high-speed acceleration, significantly increases electricity use.

• Speed: Maintaining a lower speed, like (40 mph) uses much less power (around 5 kW) than high speeds.

• External factors: Cold weather can increase power draw by up to 25%

• Wheel size: Different wheel options will affect energy consumption. 

Charging 

• Battery capacity: The usable battery capacity is approximately 95 kWh
.
• V3 Supercharger: It can charge from 5% to 80% state of charge (SOC) in about 31 minutes, adding roughly 72 kWh of energy.

• Charging source: The Supercharger network draws power from the electrical grid, which may include a mix of energy sources. 

DIRECT PZ TAP ENERGY TO MOTOR

Best for larger vehicles with a back up battery & potential hydrogen tank back up 

We would require a substantially larger recharger scaled yet we can accomplish direct 1000-2500 kW's for without a battery yet the Battery effort is easier & fits into the Hydrogen & overall equation with batteries

 

Acheived with no Battery at 2500+ kW per second

8 x 320 kW per second units at x8 ( 7" x 3" x 1" X 8 = 56" x 24" x 8" ) with each 8 or x16 in total in a compact package yielding our 2500+ kW per second

This means 8 56" x 24" x 8" sized rechargers which is 64-70" in size by 56-60" & 24-30"

 

Recharger Box Interior

70 inches = 5 feet 10 inches
60 inches = 5 feet
30 inches = 2 feet 6 inches

Vehicle Exterior

75 inches = 6 feet 3 inches wide

Recharger Box Interior scaled 25% Micro to Micro Nano

52.5 inches = 4 feet 4.5 inches
45 inches = 3 feet 9 inches
22.5 inches = 1 feet 10.5 inches

Vehicle Exterior

75 inches = 6 feet 3 inches wide

We can then fit in 3-4 motors & all features of the Switch-Back system if we scale up the Recharger in this form versus other forms then have a 7 Tablet Battery system or Hydrogen as back up Emergency power

Battery charging speeds are instant & fast under 1 second or under 5 milliseconds 

3.75" x 7.5" x 5" (the above uses 16 of these)

$93.75-$100 up to $187.5 - $199.99 Canadian Dollars each (add 16 for the above)

$3200 yet with casings $3600-4000 for the lost expensive then 10-15 year life spans or longer

Luxury of C/M Energy Shut Off & Switch-Back with Emergency Safety System & Plan 

AXIAL - RADIAL FLUX EV MOTORS 

C/M has a developing EV Standard like other brands 

Product details - General specs in standard size 

Average price $9999.99 - $16,999.99 USD

• Type:6-phase Raxial Flux (radial + axial hybrid)
• Power:700-800 hp
• Torque:900-925 lb-ft
• Max RPM: 8,000-9,000
• Weight:80-100 lbs
• Dimensions:L: 5-6" × W: 14-16" × H: 14.75-16" 

Reference. SynRM VS Induction 

https://youtu.be/bNgB5z4MWRI?si=FjyJBqAk3VHR0yYF

Reference. Static

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=44WM5J6AcHo

S.B.G & CIG